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高三英语语法知识整理

2023-08-10 06:01:12 高考在线

高三下册英语语法知识点

pleasant, pleasing, pleased

(1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物，不能修饰人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语，而不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。

I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday.

我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。

(2) pleasing “令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，表示宁静、满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感，传递主观感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事物。

An actor should have a pleasing personality.

表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。

(3) pleased “高兴的，感到满意的”含义与glad基本相同。作表语时，句子的主语只能是“人”，而不能是表示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对……表示满 意”之意。

She had a pleased look on his face.

她脸上露出了满意的表情。

burn down, burn up, burn out

bum down 指“烧为平地，烧毁”;也指“火力减弱”。

The house was burnt down in an hour.

房子一小时被烧为平地。

bum up 有“烧旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。

You'd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.

你往火上添着柴，让它烧旺。

bum out 指“火熄灭”。

The fire had burnt out before I returned.

在我回来前，火已经熄灭了。

elect, select, choose

elect 只能用于选举人，是投票选举的正式用语。

They elected Nixon President. 他们选尼克松为总统。

choose 可用于挑选人或物。

It's hard for me to choose one from so many pairs of shoes.

要从这么多双鞋子当中挑选一双对我来说真是太难了。

select 意为精心挑选，多用于物。

She selected a pair of socks to match her suit.

他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。

be known for, be known as, be known to

be known for 以……出了名 (通常不是指同位的关系)

be known as 作为……出了名 (通常加上职业名词，表同位关系)

be known to为……所知

Japan is known for its cars.

日本以它的汽车而闻名。

Luxun is known as a writer.

鲁迅作为作家很出名。

As is known to all, China has four famous invitations.

众所周知，中国有四大的发明。

observe, watch

当“观察”来讲时，observe相当于watch carefully，尤其用于实验或研究等场合。具体来说，observe含有“察觉到”的意思，watch意为“盯着看”。

watch还含有“观看(比赛、电视)”等，而observe没有此意。另外，watch还有“照料”之意，相当于take care of。还有“当心”之意，相当于be careful with。

She has observed the stars all her life.

她一生都在观察星星。

I'll watch the baby while you are away.

你不在时，由我照料你女儿。

You'd better watch Mr Smith, I think he is a thief.

你当心史密斯先生，我想他是个贼。

高三英语语法复习知识点总结

(1)—How about coming to my house?

—I’d love to if it doesn’t give you so much trouble.

在hope, like, love, promise, want, wish等词后作宾语的不定式常省略。再如：

You may go if you want to.

She can get a job if she hopes to.

—How about going hunting with me tomorrow?

—I’d like to, but I have no time.

(2)Don’t close the window until I ask you to.

在allow, ask, tell 等词后作宾语补足语的不定式常省略。再如：

Don’t touch the light unless your mother allows you to.

Don’t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to.

(3)He didn’t want to hand in his composition, but he had to.

在be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to, used to等后的不定式需省略。再如：

I don’t sing much, now, but I used to a lot.

If you don’t want to say anything at the meeting, you don’t need to.

She didn’t go out last night, because she was afraid to.

在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, sorry等词后作状语的不定式常省略。再如：—Will you go with me to see the film tonight?

—I’ll be glad to

高三英语期末语法复习知识点归纳

look at a book?

1. 表示阅读性地“看书”(即读书)，一般要用动词 read。如：

Don’t read such books. 不要读那样的书。

He is reading a book on Shakespeare. 他在看一本关于莎士比亚的书。

但是，在许多情况下，“看书”只需用read 就够了(尤其是泛泛地表示“看书”时)，无需后接book作宾语。如：

In the evening I usually read. 晚上我常常看书。

This light is too poor to read by. 这光线太暗不能看书。

I read much less now than I did at school. 我现在看书远比我上学时少。

2. 若不是表示阅读性地“看书”，而只是大概地看一看，比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句等，或者是考试时悼词楸镜龋此时都不宜用动词read, 可用look at, see 等。如：

Can I look at those books? 我可以看看那些书吗?

Jim demanded to see my books. 吉姆要求看看我的书。

Please answer my questions without looking at your books. 请不看书回答我的问题。

Students must not look at their books during examinations. 学生考试不准舞弊。