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中考英语语法考点复习有哪些

2023-08-12 02:47:21 高考在线

中考英语知识点

被动语态的使用情况

(1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by 短语。

如：

“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”

怀特先生，这只茶杯是下课后被打碎的。

(2)突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。

如：

These records were made by John Denver.

这些报道是被约翰·丹佛做的。

被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成

be + done

被动语态的构成

(1)一般现在时：am / is / are + done。

如：

①People grow rice in the south of the country.

→Rice is grown in the south of the country.

稻米在这个国家的南部被种植。

②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

我们不被允许在没有老师的情况下进入化学实验室。

(2)一般过去时：was / were + done。

如：

①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.

→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

建立一个新的汽车工厂在上个月被一致同意。

②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.

→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.

他们的功课没有被轻易遗忘。

中考英语知识点之被动语态的构成形式

被动语态的构成形式

1. 被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be 过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：

1) am/is/are done (过去分词) 一般现在时

例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

2) has /have been done 现在完成时

例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.

3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时

例A new cinema is being built here.

4) was/were done 一般过去时

例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.

5) had been done 过去完成时

例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.

6) was/were being done 过去进行时

例A meeting was being held when I was there.

初中英语知识点总结

被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。

例The baby should be taken goodcare of by the baby-sitter.

2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a presentfor his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smokinga cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walkinto the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put offtill Friday.

3. 非谓语动词的被动语态

v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。