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高二英语必修五必背知识点总结大全分享

2023-08-18 11:39:13 高考在线

高二英语必修五必背知识点总结大全分享1

　　assist

　　vt.&vi.帮助;援助;参与;出席

　　常用结构：

　　assist sb. in/with sth.帮助(某人)某事

　　assist sb. in doing sth.帮助(某人)做某事

　　assist sb. to do sth.帮助(某人)做某事

　　assist with帮助(照料，做);在……上给予帮助

　　I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.

　　有机会我愿随时帮你。

　　I’m afraid I can’t assist you, you have to go and see the manager.我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。

　　The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free.

　　有空时校长会帮忙做很多事。

高二英语必修五必背知识点总结大全分享2

　　句子成分的省略

　　为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。

　　1、省略主语

　　Beg your pardon.请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.))

　　Serves you right.你活该(= It serves you right.)

　　2、省略谓语

　　Anything the matter?要紧吗?(= Is anything the matter?)

　　The river was deep and the ice thin.河很深，冰很薄。

　　(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)

　　3、省略表语

　　Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am后面省略了表语ready)

　　4、省略宾语

　　We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze后省略了宾语problems)

　　Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash和dry后面省略了宾语dishes)

　　5、省略定语

　　He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest后面省略了定语of the money)

　　6、省略状语

　　(Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.

　　省略在句子中的应用

　　在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

　　Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

　　Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..

　　Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.

　　Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.

　　过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

　　Heated,waterchangesintosteam.

　　Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.

　　1、作原因状语，等于as/since/because引导从句

　　Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…

　　2、作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的'动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。

　　Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.

　　Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…

　　3、作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句

　　Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….

　　Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…

　　4、作方式或伴随状语

　　Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.

　　Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.

　　5、作让步状语

　　Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….

　　6、独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。

　　Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.

　　Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.

　　Rewritewithproperconjunctions

　　Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.

　　Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.

　　1、Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.

　　→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…

　　2、Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.

　　→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…

　　3、Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.

　　Ifweweregivenmoretime,

　　4、OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.

　　OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,

　　5、Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.

　　Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,

　　6、Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.

　　Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,

　　1、English is a widely used language.

　　2、He threw away the broken cup.

　　3、This is one of the schools built in 1980s.

　　4、Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.

　　单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;

　　过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。

　　spoken English= English which is spoken

　　terrified people= the people who are terrified

　　an organized way= a way that is organized

　　affected area灾区= the area which is affected

　　stolen culture relics= culture relics that had been stolen

　　the book recommended by the teacher= the book which was recommended by the teacher

　　printed articles= articles that are printed

高二英语必修五必背知识点总结大全分享3

　　1、impression n.印记;印象;感想;后接of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that从句; My first impression of him was favorable.他给我的第一印象非常讨人喜欢。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.他们给我的印象是他们对这个情形不是很开心。

　　知识拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记;使感动;常用结构有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.给……留下深刻的印象;使铭记; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。

　　2、remind v.提醒;使想起;常用结构有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-从句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth.使某人想起或意识到……;提醒某人某事I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me?很抱歉，我忘记你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下吗?

　　You remind me of your father when you say that.说到那的时候，我想起了你的父亲。

　　知识拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回忆的事物

　　3、constantly adv.始终;一直;重复不断地Fashion is constantly changing.时尚总是日新月异。知识拓展：constant adj.连续发生的;不断的;重复的;

　　4、previous adj.先前的;以往的;(时间上)稍前的;

　　No previous experience is necessary for this job.以往的经验对这项工作不是很有必要。

　　I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我听到这个消息的时候，我觉得简直令人那以置信。

　　I had only seen him the previous day.我只在几天前见到过他。

　　知识拓展：previously adv.先前的;早先

　　The building had previously been used as a hotel.这栋建筑早些时候被用作旅馆。

　　5、bend v.(bent bent)弯曲;使弯曲;弯腰;弯身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts

　　to sth.致力于某事bend sb.to sth.迫使;说服bend the truth歪曲事实It's hard to bend an iron bar.把铁棒弄弯很不容易。

　　She bent her head and kissed her daughter.她低下头吻了她的女儿。

　　6、press v.压;按;推;挤;坚持;敦促n.报章杂志，新闻工作者，新闻界She pressed a handkerchief to his nose.她用手绢捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal.她用力踩下油门踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation.他仍坚持索赔。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial.庭审谢绝新闻采访。

　　7、switch n. & v.用作名词表示“开关;转换”。用作动词表示“转换”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.她生第一个孩子的时候调整了工作，把全职工作转换成了兼职工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.按这两个键来转换屏幕上的文件。

　　I can't work next week, will you switch with me?下周我不想上班，你能和我换一下班。

　　8、lack n. & v.用作名词，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作动词，表示：“缺乏;短缺;没有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills缺乏食物/金钱/技能

　　The trip was cancelled through lack of interest.因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence.他缺乏信心。

　　知识拓展：lacking adj.缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足

　　9、surroundings n.环境;surround v.围绕;环绕surrounding adj.周围的;附近的Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings.每个人都喜欢在愉快的环境中工作。

　　10、catch/gain/get sight of发现，看出;lose sight of看不见,忘记; lose one's sight失明;at first sight一见就;乍看起来;at (the) sight of一看见就……;be in sight看得见，在眼前;out of sight看不见At first sight, the problem seems easy.乍一看，这个问题似乎很简单。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away.小男孩一看到老师就跑了。 The island is still in sight.小岛仍然在眼前。

　　Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。

　　11、take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time占用(时间);占据(空间);to learn to or start to do sth开始做(某项工作);开始从事;to accept sth. that is offered or available接受(建议或能得到的东西) The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地儿。 They have taken up golf.他们学起打高尔夫球来了。 She took up his offer of a drink.他请她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week.他下周就要开始履行职责。

　　12、sweep up打扫;清扫;横扫;涌向;快速地抱起He swept up the baby up into his arms.他一把将孩子抱进怀里